On this day | March 9th

On this day: March 9th

Credit/Source: Wikipedia

141 BC Liu Che, Posthumous name known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.

1009 First known mention of Lithuania, in the Annals of Quedlinburg of the monastery of Quedlinburg.

1226 Khwarazmian dynasty sultan Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu conquers the Kingdom of Georgia capital of Tbilisi.

1230 Bulgarian Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria defeats Despotate of Epirus in the Battle of Klokotnitsa.

1500 The fleet of Pedro Álvares Cabral leaves Lisbon for the Indies. The fleet will discover Brazil which lies within boundaries granted to Portugal in the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494.

1701 Safavid Iran troops retreat from Basra, Safavid occupation of Basra (1697–1701).

1765 After a campaign by the writer Voltaire, judges in Paris posthumously exonerate Jean Calas of murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in 1762 on the charge, though his son may have actually died by suicide.

1776 ''The Wealth of Nations'' by Scottish economist and philosopher Adam Smith is published.

1796 Napoleon marries his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais.

1811 Paraguayan forces defeat Manuel Belgrano at the Battle of Tacuarí.

1815 Francis Ronalds describes the first battery-operated clock in the ''Philosophical Magazine''.

1841 The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the ''United States v. The Amistad'' case that captive Africans who had seized control of the ship carrying them had been taken into slavery illegally.

1842 Giuseppe Verdi's third opera, ''Nabucco'', receives its première performance in Milan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera composers.

1842 The first documented discovery of gold in California occurs at Rancho San Francisco, six years before the California Gold Rush.

1847 Mexican–American War: The first large-scale amphibious assault in U.S. history is launched in the Siege of Veracruz.

1862 American Civil War: and (rebuilt from the engines and lower hull of the USS Merrimack (1855)) fight to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads, the first battle between two ironclad warships.

1908 Inter Milan was founded on ''Football Club Internazionale'', following a schism from A.C. Milan.

1916 Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa leads nearly 500 Mexican raiders in Battle of Columbus (1916) against the border town of Columbus, New Mexico.

1933 Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.

1942 World War II: Dutch East Indies unconditionally surrendered to the Empire of Japan forces in Kalijati, Subang Regency, West Java, and the Japanese completed their Dutch East Indies campaign.

1944 World War II: Bombing of Tallinn in World War II.

1945 World War II: Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina by Japanese forces in French Indochina removes the French from power.

1945 World War II: Allied forces (World War II) carry out Bombing of Tokyo, destroying most of the capital and killing over 100,000 civilians.

1946 Bolton Wanderers F.C. Burnden Park disaster at Burnden Park, Bolton, England, kills 33 and injures hundreds more.

1954 McCarthyism: CBS television broadcasts the ''See It Now'' episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy", produced by Fred Friendly.

1956 Red Army suppress 1956 Georgian demonstrations in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, reacting to Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization policy.

1957 The 8.6 1957 Andreanof Islands earthquake shakes the Aleutian Islands, causing over $5 million in damage from ground movement and a destructive tsunami.

1959 The Barbie doll makes its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.

1960 Dr. Belding Hibbard Scribner implants for the first time a shunt (medical) he invented into a patient, which allows the patient to receive hemodialysis on a regular basis.

1961 Sputnik 9 successfully launches, carrying a dog and a human dummy, and demonstrating that the Soviet Union was ready to begin human spaceflight.

1967 Trans World Airlines TWA Flight 553 crashes in a field in Concord Township, Champaign County, Ohio, following a mid-air collision with a Beechcraft Baron, killing 26 people.

1974 The Mars 7 Flyby bus releases the descent module too early, missing Mars.

1976 Forty-two people die in the 1976 Cavalese cable car crash, the deadliest cable car accident in history.

1977 The 1977 Hanafi Siege: In a 39-hour standoff, armed Hanafi Muslims seize three Washington, D.C., buildings.

1978 President Suharto inaugurated Jagorawi Toll Road, the first toll highway in Indonesia, connecting Jakarta, Bogor and Ciawi, West Java.

1987 Chrysler announces its acquisition of American Motors Corporation.

1997 Comet Hale–Bopp: Observers in China, Mongolia and eastern Siberia are treated to a rare double feature as an eclipse permits Hale-Bopp to be seen during the day.

2011 Space Shuttle Discovery makes its final landing after 39 flights.

2012 A 2012–2014 Salvadoran gang truce between the Salvadoran government and gangs in the country goes into effect when 30 gang leaders are transferred to lower security prisons.

2015 – Two Eurocopter AS350 Écureuil helicopters 2015 Villa Castelli mid-air collision in mid-air over Villa Castelli, Argentina, killing all 10 people on board both aircraft, including French athletes Florence Arthaud, Camille Muffat and Alexis Vastine, as well as producers and guests for the French TV show ''Dropped (TV series)''.

2020 – Giuseppe Conte, Prime Minister of Italy, announces in a televised address and signs the decree imposing the COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy COVID-19 lockdowns in the world.

2023 – A 2023 Hamburg shooting in the Alsterdorf quarter of Hamburg, Germany, kills eight people and injures another eight.

1451 Amerigo Vespucci, Italian cartographer and explorer, namesake of the Americas (d. 1512)

1534 Joseph of Anchieta, Spanish Jesuit saint and missionary (d. 1597)

1564 David Fabricius, German theologian, cartographer and astronomer (d. 1617)

1568 Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian saint, namesake of Gonzaga University (d. 1591)

1662 Franz Anton von Sporck, German noble (d. 1738)

1697 Friederike Caroline Neuber, German actress (d. 1760)

1737 Josef Mysliveček, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1781)

1749 Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau, French journalist and politician (d. 1791)

1753 Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (d. 1800)

1758 Franz Joseph Gall, German neuroanatomist and physiologist (d. 1828)

1763 William Cobbett, English journalist and author (d. 1835)

1806 Edwin Forrest, American actor and philanthropist (d. 1872)

1814 Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet and playwright (d. 1861)

1815 David Davis (Supreme Court justice), American jurist and politician (d. 1886)

1820 Samuel Blatchford, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1893)

1824 Amasa Leland Stanford, American businessman and politician, founded Stanford University (d. 1893)

1847 Martin Pierre Marsick, Belgian violinist, composer, and educator (d. 1924)

1850 Hamo Thornycroft, English sculptor and academic (d. 1925)

1856 Eddie Foy, American actor and dancer (d. 1928)

1863 Mary Harris Armor, American suffragist (d. 1950)

1887 Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and physician (d. 1976)

1890 Rupert Balfe, Australian footballer and lieutenant (d. 1915)

1890 Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian politician and diplomat, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union) (d. 1986)

1891 Jose P. Laurel, Filipino lawyer, politician and President of the Philippines (d. 1959)

1892 Mátyás Rákosi, Hungarian politician (d. 1971)

1892 Vita Sackville-West, English author, poet, and gardener (d. 1962)

1902 Will Geer, American actor (d. 1978)

1904 Paul Wilbur Klipsch, American soldier and engineer, founded Klipsch Audio Technologies (d. 2002)

1910 Samuel Barber, American pianist and composer (d. 1981)

1911 Clara Rockmore, American classical violin prodigy and theremin player (d. 1998)

1915 Johnnie Johnson (RAF officer), English air marshal and pilot (d. 2001)

1918 George Lincoln Rockwell, American sailor and politician, founded the American Nazi Party (d. 1967)

1918 Mickey Spillane, American crime novelist (d. 2006)

1920 Franjo Mihalić, Croatian-Serbian runner and coach (d. 2015)

1921 Carl Betz, American actor (d. 1978)

1922 Ian Turbott, New Zealand-Australian former diplomat and university administrator (d. 2016)

1923 James L. Buckley, American lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 2023)

1923 André Courrèges, French fashion designer (d. 2016)

1923 Walter Kohn, Austrian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate (d. 2016)

1926 Joe Franklin, American radio and television host (d. 2015)

1927 Jackie Jensen, American baseball player (d. 1982)

1928 Gerald Bull, Canadian-American engineer and academic (d. 1990)

1928 Keely Smith, American singer and actress (d. 2017)

1929 Desmond Hoyte, Guyanese lawyer, politician and President of Guyana (d. 2002)

1929 Zillur Rahman, Bangladeshi politician, 19th President of Bangladesh (d. 2013)

1930 Ornette Coleman, American saxophonist, violinist, trumpet player, and composer (d. 2015)

1931 Jackie Healy-Rae, Irish politician (d. 2014)

1932 Qayyum Chowdhury, Bangladeshi painter and academic (d. 2014)

1932 Walter Mercado, Puerto Rican astrologer and actor (d. 2019)

1933 Lloyd Price, American R&B singer-songwriter (d. 2021)

1933 David Weatherall, English physician, geneticist, and academic (d. 2018)

1933 Artt Frank, American jazz drummer and biographer (d. 2024)

1934 Yuri Gagarin, Russian colonel, pilot, and cosmonaut, first human in space (d. 1968)

1934 Joyce Van Patten, American actress

1935 Andrew Viterbi, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Qualcomm

1936 Mickey Gilley, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2022)

1936 Marty Ingels, American actor and comedian (d. 2015)

1937 Bernard Landry, Canadian lawyer, politician and Premier of Quebec (d. 2018)

1937 Harry Neale, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster

1937 Brian Redman, English race car driver

1939 Malcolm Bricklin, American businessman, founded Bricklin SV-1 and Yugo

1940 Raul Julia, Puerto Rican actor (d. 1994)

1941 Jim Colbert, American golfer

1941 Ernesto Miranda, American criminal (d. 1976)

1941 Trish Van Devere, American actress

1941 Malcolm Smith (motorcyclist), Canadian-American motorcycle racer (d. 2024)

1942 John Cale, Welsh musician, composer, singer, songwriter and record producer

1942 Ion Caramitru, Romanian actor and artistic director (d. 2021)

1942 Mark Lindsay, American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer

1943 Bobby Fischer, American chess player and author (d. 2008)

1943 Charles Gibson, American journalist

1944 Lee Irvine, South African cricketer

1945 Robert Calvert, English singer-songwriter and playwright (d. 1988)

1945 Dennis Rader, American serial killer

1945 Robin Trower, English guitarist and vocalist

1946 Alexandra Bastedo, English actress (d. 2014)

1946 Bernd Hölzenbein, German footballer and scout (d. 2024)

1946 Warren Skaaren, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1990)

1947 Keri Hulme, New Zealand author and poet (d. 2021)

1948 Emma Bonino, Italian politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs (Italy)

1948 Eric Fischl, American painter and sculptor

1948 Jeffrey Osborne, American singer and drummer

1949 Neil Hamilton (politician), Welsh lawyer and politician

1950 Doug Ault, American baseball player and manager (d. 2004)

1950 Andy North, American golfer

1950 Howard Shelley, English pianist and conductor

1951 Helen Zille, South African journalist, politician and Premier of the Western Cape

1952 Bill Beaumont, English rugby player and manager

1954 Carlos Ghosn, Brazilian-Lebanese-French business executive

1954 Bobby Sands, Provisional Irish Republican Army volunteer; Irish republican politician (d. 1981)

1954 Jock Taylor, Scottish motorcycle racer (d. 1982)

1955 Teo Fabi, Italian race car driver

1955 Józef Pinior, Polish academic and politician

1956 Mark Dantonio, American football player and coach

1956 Shashi Tharoor, Indian politician, Minister of External Affairs (India)

1956 David Willetts, English academic and politician

1958 Linda Fiorentino, American actress

1958 Paul MacLean (ice hockey), Canadian ice hockey player and coach

1959 Tom Amandes, American actor

1959 Takaaki Kajita, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics laureate

1959 Lonny Price, American actor, director, and screenwriter

1960 Finn Carter, American actress

1960 Željko Obradović, Serbian basketball player and coach

1961 Rick Steiner, American wrestler

1961 Darrell Walker, American basketball player and coach

1962 Jan Furtok, Polish football player and manager (d. 2024)

1963 Terry Mulholland, American baseball player

1963 Jean-Marc Vallée, Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 2021)

1964 Juliette Binoche, French actress

1964 Phil Housley, American ice hockey player and coach

1965 Brian Bosworth, American football player and actor

1965 Benito Santiago, Puerto Rican baseball player

1966 Brendan Canty, American drummer and songwriter

1966 Tony Lockett, Australian footballer

1968 Youri Djorkaeff, French footballer

1969 Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, American basketball player

1969 Kimberly Guilfoyle, American lawyer and journalist

1970 Naveen Jindal, Indian businessman and politician

1970 Martin Johnson (rugby union), English rugby player and coach

1970 Shannon Leto, American musician and songwriter

1971 Emmanuel Lewis, American actor

1972 Jodey Arrington, American politician

1972 Jean Louisa Kelly, American actress and singer

1972 Kerr Smith, American actor

1973 Aaron Boone, American baseball player and manager

1973 Liam Griffin (racing driver), English race car driver

1975 Adonal Foyle, Vincentian-American basketball player

1975 Juan Sebastián Verón, Argentine footballer

1977 Radek Dvořák, Czech ice hockey player

1978 Chris Phillips, Canadian ice hockey player and businessman

1979 Oscar Isaac, Guatemalan-American actor

1980 Matt Barnes, American basketball player

1980 Chingy, American rapper

1980 Matthew Gray Gubler, American actor

1981 Antonio Bryant, American football player

1981 Chad Gilbert, American musician, songwriter, and producer

1981 Clay Rapada, American baseball player

1982 Ryan Bayley, Australian cyclist

1982 Érika de Souza, Brazilian basketball player

1982 Mirjana Lučić-Baroni, Croatian tennis player

1983 Clint Dempsey, American soccer player

1983 Wayne Simien, American basketball player

1984 Abdoulay Konko, French footballer

1984 Julia Mancuso, American skier

1985 Brent Burns, Canadian ice hockey player

1985 Jesse Litsch, American baseball player

1985 Pastor Maldonado, Venezuelan race car driver

1985 Parthiv Patel, Indian cricketer

1986 Bryan Bickell, Canadian ice hockey player

1986 Damien Brunner, Swiss ice hockey player

1986 Colin Greening, Canadian ice hockey player

1986 Brittany Snow, American actress and producer

1987 Daniel Hudson, American baseball player

1987 Bow Wow (rapper), American rapper and actor

1989 Taeyeon, South Korean singer

1990 Daley Blind, Dutch footballer

1990 YG (rapper), American rapper

1991 Jooyoung, South Korean singer-songwriter

1993 Miikka Salomäki, Finnish ice hockey player

1993 Suga (rapper), South Korean rapper, songwriter, record producer

1994 Morgan Rielly, Canadian ice hockey player

1995 Cierra Ramirez, American actress and singer

1997 Nadeo Argawinata, Indonesian footballer

1997 Chika (rapper), American rapper

1998 Najee Harris, American football running back

1999 Ukko-Pekka Luukkonen, Finnish ice hockey player

2000 Khaby Lame, Senegalese-Italian social media personality

2002 Usman Garuba, Spanish basketball player

2003 Sunisa Lee, American gymnast

886 Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi, Muslim scholar and Astrology in medieval Islam (b. 787)

1202 Sverre of Norway, Monarchy of Norway and founder of the House of Sverre

1440 Frances of Rome, Italian nun and saint (b. 1384)

1444 Leonardo Bruni, Italian humanist (b. c. 1370)

1463 Catherine of Bologna, Italian nun and saint (b. 1463)

1566 David Rizzio, Italian-Scottish courtier and politician (b. 1533)

1649 James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish soldier and politician (b. 1606)

1649 Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier and politician (b. 1590)

1661 Cardinal Mazarin, Italian-French academic and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1602)

1709 Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu, English courtier and politician (b. 1638)

1808 Joseph Bonomi the Elder, Italian architect (b. 1739)

1810 Ozias Humphry, English painter and academic (b. 1742)

1825 Anna Laetitia Barbauld, English poet, author, and critic (b. 1743)

1831 Friedrich Maximilian von Klinger, German author and playwright (b. 1752)

1847 Mary Anning, English Paleontology (b. 1799)

1851 Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist and chemist, discovered electromagnetism and the element aluminium (b. 1777)

1876 Louise Colet, French poet (b. 1810)

1888 William I, German Emperor (b. 1797)

1895 Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian journalist and author (b. 1836)

1897 Sondre Norheim, Norwegian-American skier (b. 1825)

1918 Frank Wedekind, German author and playwright (b. 1864)

1925 Willard Metcalf, American painter and academic (b. 1858)

1926 Mikao Usui, Japanese spiritual leader, founded Reiki (b. 1865)

1937 Paul Elmer More, American journalist and critic (b. 1864)

1943 Otto Freundlich, German painter and sculptor (b. 1878)

1954 Vagn Walfrid Ekman, Swedish oceanographer and academic (b. 1874)

1955 Miroslava Stern, Czech-Mexican actress (b. 1925)

1964 Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (b. 1870)

1969 Abdul Munim Riad, Egyptian general (b. 1919)

1971 Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church (b. 1902)

1974 Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American pharmacologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (b. 1915)

1974 Harry Womack, American singer (b. 1945)

1983 Faye Emerson, American actress (b. 1917)

1983 Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (b. 1905)

1988 Kurt Georg Kiesinger, German lawyer, politician and Chancellor of Germany (b. 1904)

1989 Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (b. 1946)

1991 Jim Hardin, American baseball player (b. 1943)

1992 Menachem Begin, Belarusian-Israeli soldier, politician and Prime Minister of Israel, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1913)

1993 C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian and author (b. 1909)

1994 Charles Bukowski, American poet, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1920)

1994 Eddie Creatchman, Canadian wrestler, referee, and manager (b. 1928)

1994 Fernando Rey, Spanish actor (b. 1917)

1995 Edward Bernays, Austrian-American propagandist (b. 1891)

1996 George Burns, American comedian, actor, and writer (b. 1896)

1997 Jean-Dominique Bauby, French journalist and author (b. 1952)

1997 Terry Nation, Welsh author and screenwriter (b. 1930)

1997 The Notorious B.I.G., American rapper, songwriter, and actor (b. 1972)

1999 Harry Somers, Canadian pianist and composer (b. 1925)

1999 George Singh, Belizean jurist and Chief Justice of Belize (b. 1937)

2000 Jean Coulthard, Canadian composer and educator (b. 1908)

2003 Stan Brakhage, American director and cinematographer (b. 1933)

2003 Bernard Dowiyogo, Nauruan politician, President of Nauru (b. 1946)

2004 John Mayer (composer), Indian composer (b. 1930)

2006 Tom Fox (Quaker), American activist (b. 1951)

2006 Anna Moffo, American soprano (b. 1932)

2006 John Profumo, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for War (b. 1915)

2007 Brad Delp, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1951)

2007 Glen Harmon, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)

2010 Willie Davis (baseball), American baseball player and manager (b. 1940)

2010 Doris Haddock, American activist and politician (b. 1910)

2010 Wilfy Rebimbus, Indian singer (b. 1942)

2010 Henry Wittenberg, American wrestler (b. 1918)

2011 David S. Broder, American journalist and academic (b. 1929)

2013 Max Jakobson, Finnish journalist and diplomat (b. 1923)

2013 Merton Simpson, American painter and art collector (b. 1928)

2015 James Molyneaux, Baron Molyneaux of Killead, Northern Irish soldier and politician (b. 1920)

2016 Robert Horton (actor), American actor (b. 1924)

2016 Clyde Lovellette, American basketball player and coach (b. 1929)

2017 Howard Hodgkin, British painter (b. 1932)

2018 Jo Min-ki, Korean actor (b. 1965)

2020 John Bathersby, Australian Catholic bishop (b. 1936)

2021 James Levine, American conductor and pianist (b. 1943)

2021 Roger Mudd, American journalist (b. 1928)

2023 Chaim Topol, Israeli actor (b. 1935)

Christian feast day:

- Catherine of Bologna

- Forty Martyrs of Sebaste

- Frances of Rome

- Pacian

- Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria (Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria)

- Gregory of Nyssa (Episcopal Church (United States))

- March 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Teachers' Day or ''Eid Al Moalim'' (Lebanon)

[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/9 BBC: On This Day]

[https://www.onthisday.com/events/march/9 Historical Events on March 9]